Alti pedagogi care au ghidat copiii catre a ajunge sa iubeasca lectura in timpul festivalului NARATIV si au impartasit cu Centrul de Parenting experienta lor de la acest eveneniment sunt: actorul si chitaristul Alex Stefanescu, artistul vizual Liliana Basarab, actorul Razvan Ropotan si actrita Smaranda Nicolau.
Festivalul de lectura pentru copii NARATIV, organizat de Asociatia Curtea Veche, s-a desfasurat in doua etape, pe 24-25 septembrie si pe 1-2 octombrie 2016, la Scoala Centrala din Bucuresti. Evenimentul s-a adresat copiilor cu varste cuprinse intre 3 si 14 ani si parintilor acestora. Circa 1.000 de persoane au participat in primul weekend al Festivalului, iar in cel de-al doilea weekend au venit apraoape 1.200 de participanti, conform comunicatelor oficiale ale Asociatiei Curtea Veche.
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Festivalul de lectura pentru copii NARATIV a cuprins ateliere interactive si conferinte realizate de specialisti in educatia nonformala si psihologia copilului, cu scopul de a creste interesul celor mici pentru lectura si de a-i familiariza pe parinți si pe profesori cu tehnicile moderne de a-i face pe copii sa citeasca din placere.
Cum percep copiii lectura
Smaranda Nicolau spune ca a descoperit secretul: „O mare parte din copii nu prea inteleg care-i treaba cu cititul. Este o activitate pe care cu totii stiu ca trebuie sa o faca, dar nu reusesc mereu sa isi dea seama de ce este atat de importanta”. Cu toate acestea, pedagogul care a organizat teatrul pentru cititori „Peter Pan” a remarcat ca cei mici se simt instinctiv atrasi de lectura „pentru ca le pune rotitele in miscare, iar curiozitatea lor se bazeaza pe aceasta satisfactie de a descoperi si descifra mistere”.
La randul sau, Liliana Basarab, responsabila cu atelierele„Mituri grecesti” – Teatru de umbre si „Odiseea” – Banda desenata, afirma ca „lectura este vazuta de copiii pasionati drept o lume virtuala care le dezvolta imaginatia si vocabularul, mai ales daca aceasta activitate este facuta din placere”.
Iar Alex Stefanescu este de parere ca „lectura nu este perceputa ca o activitate cu adevarat ludica de a jongla si invarti cuvintele la infinit pana transmiti mesajul din imaginatia ta”. De aceea, copiii privesc cititul drept o activitate plicticoasa, mai ales atunci cand este pusa in balanta cu un laptop sau o tableta”. Totusi, pedagogul care a sustinut atelierul„Pinocchio” – Povesti pe muzica sustine ca „lectura este importanta pentru cineva care vrea sa se exprime coerent, sa se faca inteles, sa isi urmeze cariera dorita in viitor”.
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Alex Stefanescu:
- Parintele trebuie sa ii arate copilului cum poti scoate din paginile unei carti ceva cat mai viu, poate chiar mai viu decat orice efect din filme sau din jocurile de calculator. Ei trebuie sa ii invete pe copii sa adauge interpretari, nu sa citeasca mecanic, sa invete sa puna intrebari si sa ia la intrebari personajele dintr-o carte.
- De exemplu, la atelierul meu “Povesti pe muzica” din cadrul Festivalului NARATIV am luat personajele din povestea lui Pinocchio si ulterior m-am indepartat putin de carte astfel incat cei mici si-au putut construi la randul lor propria aventura.
- Ii incurajez si pe parinti sa puna copiii in diverse situatii, care doar sa porneasca de la actiunea unei carti. De exemplu, eu i-am intrebat cum ar reactiona daca ar veni Zana la ei, sau ei cat de des spun minciuni si am facut cantece pe baza informatiilor primite de la ei.
- Apoi cand vor citi ei singuri, vor incepe sa faca altfel de conexiuni si sa creeze un context pentru fiecare personaj, isi vor crea paralele cu situatii traite sau experiente din viata lor. In felul acesta, se pot identifica mai usor cu povestea si personajele din carte pana in punctul in care se vor duce singuri in biblioteca, chiar si cand nu sunt parintii acasa sa le citeasca, si isi vor dori sa vada cum se termina cartea.
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Liliana Basarab:
- In prima faza, desi suna foarte simplu, copiii trebuie sa vada carti in fata lor si vor fi automat curiosi sa afle despre ce este vorba.
- De asemenea, este foarte important ca parintele in sine sa fie un model si sa citeasca.
- Dupa ce au fost trasate aceste obiceiuri, fiecare familie poate face acasa o mica scena pentru un teatru de umbre. O simpla lanterna sau o veioza vor fi de ajuns. Tot acest concept presupune alcatuirea unui mic scenariu pentru piesa si decuparea fiecarui personaj si al elementelor din decor. Chiar daca mijloacele sunt rudimentare, rezultatele pot fi extraordinare si clar in beneficiul copiilor.
- De asemenea, noi ii incurajam sa isi faca impreuna propria banda desenata pe baza unei povesti preferate. Pentru ca banda deseneata este un mijloc, o unealta vizuala care le dezvolta aceste abilitati de a transpune in forme si culori gandurile si input-ul care se creaza in imaginatia lor. Devenind creatori ai propriului scenariu sau al propriei benzi desenate, este un mare plus si pentru alte domenii care ii vor ajuta in viitor.
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Razvan Ropotan:
- Copiii, cel putin pana la varsta de 7 ani, imita si preiau foarte mult din comportamentul parintilor. Consider ca principala activitate, in primul rand adresata strict parintilor, este sa fie ei insisi un exemplu pentru copii si sa acorde timp cititului.
- Isi pot stabili o zi pe saptamana in care toata familia se strange impreuna si fiecare citeste, fie impreuna fie separat. Acest sentiment de apartenenta in cadrul unui obicei facut inca din copilarie in familie le va dezvolta, aproape inconstient, o iubire si inclinare catre lectura. Mai ales ca acest obicei se poate pastra pana la varste mai mari.
- O alta activitate foarte potrivita este sa isi creeze impreuna o poveste. Parintele sa ii spuna copilului ca acum suntem in capul unui scriitor, sa dea un nume complet nou scriitorului si apoi intrebarile parintelui care vor forma scheletul povestii. Practic fiecare noua informatie poate fi imbogatita cu ajutorul intrebarilor si in felul acesta se dezvolta abilitatea copiilor de a crea un fir narativ si de a acorda atentie detaliilor.
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Barna Nemethi:
- In cadrul atelierului meu, „Jurnalistul de poveste”, i-am incurajat sa puna toate intrebarile pe care nu le-au adresat profesorilor sau parintilor, am scos cuvantul „trebuie” din ecuatie si le-am demonstrat ca de fapt toata aceasta curiozitate nesfarsita este secretul.
- Practic, acelasi gen de activitate il pot face si in familie, parintii sa ii incurajeze constant sa puna intrebari oricat de ciudate ar suna.
- Inainte de culcare, pot sa isi puna reciproc trei intrebari fantastice ale caror raspunsuri sa formeze in final o poveste sau inceputul unei povesti care va fi continuata seara urmatoare, pe baza altor trei intrebari.
- Copiii sunt constant antrenati de nou si mister si vor depasi de fiecare data orice fel de asteptare cand vine vorba de folosirea imaginatiei.
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Smaranda Nicolau:
- Incurajez parintii sa nu se sfiasca sa se opreasca din citit pentru a pune intrebari si pentru a se asigura ca actiunea si personajele povestii se aseaza intr-o anumita logica in imaginatia lor.
- Este mult mai important pentru parinti sa creeze acea atmosfera din poveste decat sa se focuseze excesiv pe cuvinte noi sau detalii de asezare in pagina. In atelierul meu, “Teatru pentru cititori”, i-am incurajat pe copii sa creeze impreuna atmosfera din Peter Pan cu recuzita de la esarfe colorate pana la tigai si palarii supradimensionate.
- Este absolut necesar ca parintii sa incline balanta catre o buna intelegere a elementelor senzoriale si contextuale din carte decat sa se axeze eronat pe viteza si lipsa de greseli a unui cititor profesionist, dar care nu este imersat in atmosfera captivanta a unei carti citite de placere.
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Impresii de la Festivalul NARATIV
In cadrul atelierelor NARATIV, si copiii, si pedagogii s-au distrat impartasind bucuria de a citi.
„Pentru mine a fost o experienta foarte interesanta sa lucrez cu copiii. (…) Obiectivul a fost practic sa invatam distrandu-ne si am reusit impreuna acest lucru”, spune, dupa eveniment, Alex Stefanescu.
Liliana Basarab a fost impresionata de faptul ca toti copiii de la ateliere se bucurau de fiecare data cand primeau o carte si erau foarte entuziasmati.
Iar actorul Razvan Ropotan a ramas fascinat de povestile scornite de copii si de complexitatea unei intamplari inventate, mai ales daca este povestita impreuna ca o echipa. „Am fost constant vrajit de cat de alambicata si curgatoare totusi, poate fi o poveste fara a avea niciun filtru de cenzura a imaginatiei. Nu semanau cu nimic, uneori fiind chiar suprarealiste, dar cu un sens propriu si cu regula principala care nega din start orice fel de reguli sau norme”, spune el.
Barna Nemethi se declara convins ca cele peste 100 de ateliere organizate in cadrul Festivalului NARATIV si sutinute de pedagogi tineri si cu experienta in educatia prin arta, informala si prin joc, activitati, i-au facut pe cei mici sa vada cartile mult mai prietenoase.
Smaranda Nicolau subliniaza nevoia de acest gen de activitati in care copiii sunt incurajati sa se joace invatand.
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